{"id":10903,"date":"2022-04-02T20:46:27","date_gmt":"2022-04-02T18:46:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tyr\/miloamerge\/?p=10903"},"modified":"2024-09-25T16:13:41","modified_gmt":"2024-09-25T14:13:41","slug":"ylang-ylang","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/miloa.eu\/en\/glossary\/plants\/ylang-ylang\/","title":{"rendered":"<span class=\"ylang-ylang\">Ylang-ylang<\/span>"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>CHARACTERISTICS<\/h2>\n<p>It contains different chemical compounds such as sesquiterpenes, monoterpenes (linalool, geraniol, linalyl acetate, geranyl acetate, etc.), aliphatic compounds and phenylpropanoids <span class=\"prod_ref\">(TAN &#038; al., 2015)<\/span>.<\/p>\n<h2>PROPERTIES<\/h2>\n<ul style=\"color: #d61163;\">\n<li>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #d61163;\">Anxiolytic effects:<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Exposure to Ylang-ylang essential oil shows a significant anxiolytic effect on male mice but not on females. Indeed, in male mice, it increases locomotor activity in different behavioral tests such as elevated maze, open field, and light\/dark box. Constituents extracted from the essential oil (benzyl benzoate, linalool and benzyl alcohol) showed anxiolytic effect on male subjects. It induces changes in neurotransmitters in males more significantly than in females: it decreases the concentration of dopamine in the striatum and increases the concentration of 5-hydroxytryptamine in the hippocampus of males. According to the authors, the origin of the difference in anxiolytic effect between the sexes is complex, and different compounds of Ylang-ylang could act on several signaling pathways <span class=\"prod_ref\">(ZHANG &#038; al., 2016)<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>This anxiolytic effect is associated with reduction of corticosterone levels in blood plasma, inhibition of activation of the ERK1\/2\/CREB pathway in the hippocampus, and modulation of cerebral serotonin metabolism <span class=\"prod_ref\">(ZHANG &#038; al., 2018)<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>In a study carried out on 24 healthy volunteers, it was shown that subjects who inhaled Ylang-ylang essential oil felt more alert and attentive than subjects in the control group. They rated the smell as more stimulating than subjects in the control group. It also significantly lowers blood pressure and heart rate. Thus, a decrease in physiological activation is correlated with an increase in arousal at the subjective level. Therefore, the authors state that these effects can be characterized by the notion of \u201cattunement\u201d rather than relaxation\/sedation <span class=\"prod_ref\">(HONGRATANAWORAKIT &#038; BUCHBAUER, 2004)<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>In another study carried out on 40 healthy volunteers, the authors showed that transdermal absorption of Ylang-ylang essential oil causes a significant decrease in blood pressure and a significant increase in skin temperature. Treated subjects feel calmer and more relaxed than subjects in the control group <span class=\"prod_ref\">(HONGRATANAWORAKIT &#038; BUCHBAUER, 2006)<\/span>. These results are in agreement with those obtained in another study on 29 healthy men: the inhalation of Ylang-ylang extracts significantly reduces systolic and diastolic blood pressure, reduces heart rate and the level of excitement <span class=\"prod_ref\">(JUNG &#038; al., 2013)<\/span>.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"color: #d61163;\">\n<li>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #d61163;\">Antimicrobial and antiparasitic effect:<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ylang-ylang bark extracts exhibit antimicrobial activity against the bacteria <em>Propionibacterium acnes<\/em> and <em>Candida albicans<\/em>. The anti-<em>P. acnes<\/em> activity index of the ethanolic extract of Ylang-ylang is 0.63 compared to the antibiotic chloramphenicol <span class=\"prod_ref\">(KUSUMA &#038;t al., 2014)<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>Moreover, different components isolated from the bark of Ylang-ylang, namely O-methylmoschatoline, liriodenine and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, have shown antimicrobial activities, especially against <em>Bacillus subtilis<\/em>, <em>Staphylococcus aureus<\/em>, <em>Escherichia coli<\/em> and <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/em>. These compounds also exhibit an antifungal effect against <em>Aspergillus niger<\/em> and <em>Candida albicans<\/em> <span class=\"prod_ref\">(RAHMAN &#038; al., 2005)<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>In addition, Ylang-ylang essential oil exhibits a marked inhibitory effect on different strains of <em>Staphlycoccus aureus<\/em> <span class=\"prod_ref\">(MURBACH TELES ANDRADE &#038; al., 2014)<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>It also exhibits intense repellent effects against <em>Culex quinquefasciatus Say<\/em> (85-97% escape) and <em>Anopheles minimus Theobald<\/em> (97-99%) mosquito species <span class=\"prod_ref\">(SUKKANON &#038; al., 2022)<\/span>.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"color: #d61163;\">\n<li>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #d61163;\">Antioxidant activity:<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ylang-ylang extracts exhibit marked antioxidant activity in the DPPH test which determines free radical scavenging abilities <span class=\"prod_ref\">(CHOI &#038; HWANG, 2005)<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>Ylang-ylang essential oil also demonstrates antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity in the \ud835\udefd-carotene bleaching test and the luminol-photochemiluminescence test <span class=\"prod_ref\">(SACCHETTI &#038; al., 2005)<\/span>.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"color: #d61163;\">\n<li>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #d61163;\">Anti-inflammatory effects:<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The methanolic extract of Ylang-ylang leaves inhibits the release of nitric oxide in macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharides <em>in vitro<\/em>, demonstrating an anti-inflammatory effect <span class=\"prod_ref\">(CHOI &#038; HWANG, 2005)<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>In addition, oral administration of ethanolic extract of ylang-ylang fruit exhibits significant anti-inflammatory activity in the carrageenin-induced paw edema model in rats. This anti-inflammatory activity at doses of 100 mg\/kg, 200 mg\/kg and 400 mg\/kg induces 62.9% inhibition, which is superior to standard aspirin which induces 60.14% inhibition <span class=\"prod_ref\">(MANIYAR &#038; DEVI, 2017)<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"mil_bold\">So don&#8217;t wait any longer to discover the power of this magnificent flower with sweet and exotic scents!<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>CANANGA ODORATA<br \/>\nYlang-ylang or <em>Cananga odorata<\/em> is part of the <em>Annonaceae<\/em> family. It is a tree native to Indonesia and the Philippines. Its fragrant flower is the reason for its great popularity and its introduction in China, India, Africa and America.<br \/>\nYlang-ylang flower essential oil is frequently used in food, industry as well as in perfumery and aromatherapy (TAN &#038; al., 2015).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":15574,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[182],"tags":[237,216],"class_list":["post-10903","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-plants","tag-index-plantes-en-y","tag-product-zen-miloa-en"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/miloa.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10903","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/miloa.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/miloa.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miloa.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miloa.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10903"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/miloa.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10903\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miloa.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15574"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/miloa.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10903"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miloa.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10903"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miloa.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10903"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}