{"id":5669,"date":"2020-04-02T13:16:06","date_gmt":"2020-04-02T11:16:06","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tyr\/miloamerge\/glossaire\/plantes\/ginkgo\/"},"modified":"2024-07-17T14:11:13","modified_gmt":"2024-07-17T12:11:13","slug":"ginkgo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/miloa.eu\/en\/glossary\/plants\/ginkgo\/","title":{"rendered":"<span class=\"ginkgo\">Ginkgo<\/span>"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><H2>PROPERTIES<\/h2>\n<ul style=\"color: #d61163;\">\n<li>\n<h3><font color=\"#d61163\">Neuroprotective:<\/font><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ginkgo improves orientation, language, social behaviour and concentration. It relieves depression and anxiety <span class=\"prod_ref\">(DI RENZO, 2000&#8239;; VAN DONGEN &#038;  al, 2000&#8239;; KURIBARA &#038;  al, 2003&#8239;; NOOSHINFAR &#038; al, 2007&#8239;; KALKUNTE &#038; al, 2007&#8239;;; WILLIAMSON &#038; al, 2008&#8239;; ROJAS &#038; al, 2011)<\/span>, and is a potent neuroprotective agent <span class=\"prod_ref\">(AHLEMEYER &#038; KRIEGLSTEIN, 2003&#8239;; NOOSHINFAR &#038; al, 2008&#8239;; ROJAS &#038; al, 2011)<\/span>. <\/p>\n<p>Its neuroprotective effects are apparent in hypoxia if neurons come into contact with glutamate, nitric oxide (NO) or amyloid-beta plaques <span class=\"prod_ref\">(AHLEMEYER &#038; KRIEGLSTEIN, 2003)<\/span>. It reduces neuronal apoptosis in cases of ischaemia and contact with free radicals <span class=\"prod_ref\">(NI &#038; al, 1996&#8239;; AHLEMEYER &#038; al, 1999&#8239;; XIN &#038; al, 2000)<\/span>, and blocks the effect of drugs that induce amnesia (MK-801, scopolamine) <span class=\"prod_ref\">(TADANO &#038; al, 1998&#8239;; NOOSHINFAR &#038; al, 2008)<\/span>.Ginkgo inhibits the breakdown of dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine in the synapses. It boosts the action of acetylcholine, which is abnormally low in patients with senile dementia <span class=\"prod_ref\">(KRISTOFIKOVA &#038; al, 1992&#8239;; DI RENZO, 2000&#8239;; ROJAS &#038; al, 2011)<\/span>. <\/p>\n<p>During forced swim tests (a rodent experimental model designed to assess responses to stress), it increases dopamine and serotonin levels, demonstrating its antidepressant effect <span class=\"prod_ref\">(ROJAS &#038; al, 2011)<\/span>. Ginkgo is involved in the glutamatergic system, which plays a pivotal role in memory. It acts on CREB (a transcription protein present in all cells), which enhances neuron regeneration, survival and rehabilitation. CREB increases the synthesis of many neuroprotective proteins, such as Bcl-2 and BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor). BDNF promotes the growth and differentiation of new neurons and synapses involved in long-term memory. <\/p>\n<p>It also stimulates and controls neurogenesis <span class=\"prod_ref\">(ZHANG &#038; al, 2011)<\/span>. Following neuronal injury, it improves plasticity and restoration of normal brain function in cats <span class=\"prod_ref\">(EZ-ZAHER &#038; LACOUR, 1989&#8239;; LACOUR &#038; al, 1991)<\/span>.<\/p>\n<ul style=\"color: #d61163;\">\n<li>\n<h3><font color=\"#d61163\">Antioxidant: <\/font><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ginkgo is a powerful antioxidant that neutralises free radicals and prevents lipid peroxidation. It improves membrane fluidity (Le Bars et al., 1997) and increases levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase <span class=\"prod_ref\">(BRIDI &#038; al, 2001)<\/span>. <\/p>\n<ul style=\"color: #d61163;\">\n<li>\n<h3><font color=\"#d61163\">Anti-platelet aggregation and vasodilator effects:<\/font><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ginkgo is a platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonist <span class=\"prod_ref\">(SMITH &#038; al, 1996)<\/span>. PAFs rise in the event of injury and inflammation, and increase the severity of the injury <span class=\"prod_ref\">(SOGOS &#038; al, 1990)<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>Ginkgo also increases blood flow around the body <span class=\"prod_ref\">(ZHU &#038; al, 1997)<\/span>, causes vascular dilation and lowers blood viscosity <span class=\"prod_ref\">(SOHOLM &#038; al, 1998&#8239;; BIRKS &#038; al, 2002)<\/span>.<br \/>\n<\/span>. <\/p>\n<p><span class=\"mil_bold\">So to keep your brain and your pets in good shape, enjoy the exceptional health benefits of ginkgo!<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>GINKGO BILOBA<br \/>\nGinkgo (<em>Ginkgo biloba<\/em>), also known as the maidenhair tree, is the only surviving member of the <em>Ginkgoaceae<\/em> family, which predates the dinosaurs by forty million years. The tree is therefore regarded as a living fossil.<br \/>\nThe leaves are used in herbal medicine. It has exceptional longevity, living for up to a thousand years. It is remarkably resilient: one specimen even survived the atomic bombing of Hiroshima.<br \/>\n<em><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":15378,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[182],"tags":[416,290,228],"class_list":["post-5669","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-plants","tag-product-anti-ageing-en","tag-index-plantes-en-g","tag-product-reno-pro-en"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/miloa.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5669","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/miloa.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/miloa.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miloa.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miloa.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5669"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/miloa.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5669\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miloa.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15378"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/miloa.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5669"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miloa.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5669"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/miloa.eu\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5669"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}